Comparative characteristics of eggs of chickens of domestic and foreign selection in their diverse age
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5219/1501Keywords:
egg, line, physical quality, morphological quality, lipidAbstract
At this juncture, more and more attention is drawn to the preservation of the gene pool of local breeds of poultry, which have a set of valuable features, including high-quality eggs. In this study, the quality parameters of eggs (egg weight, weight, and proportion of yolk, weight, and proportion of albumen, yolk-albumen ratio, energy value, lipid and fatty acid content in the yolk) of chickens of Ukrainian selection(such hybrids as Plymouth white, Poltava Clay, Birkivska Barvysta and their interbreed hybrids) and foreign commercial crosses (Tetra SL, Tetra H, Super Harko, Lohmann Brown, Highsex White and Brown, High Line W36), at different ages (26, 34, 44 weeks of age) were studied in the comparative aspect. The average egg weight of Ukrainian breeds and hybrids was 51.9 g, 56.5 g, and 61.2 g at the age of 26, 34, and 44 weeks, respectively, in foreign crosses it was much higher - 59 g, 61.2 g, and 64.5 g, respectively (p <0.01). At the same time, there was a probable advantage of the Ukrainian selection bird over the foreign selection bird in the proportion of yolk (by 4.3%, 2.9%, and 4.1% at the age of 26.34 and 44 weeks, respectively), the yolk-albumen ratio (by 0.12, 0.07 and 0.08, respectively) and the energy value of the egg (76, 48 and 60 kJ, respectively). Higher lipid content was found in the egg yolks of domestic chickens in comparison with the foreign hybrid Tetra SL. The total content of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in the egg yolks in hens of local breeds is higher than in foreign cross. High-quality characteristics of eggs of local breeds and populations are evidence of the presence of a valuable set of genes that require comprehensive study, preservation, and use in the creation of new selectively significant forms.
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