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Mycotoxin Production by Fusarium avenaceum Strains Isolated from Norwegian Grain and the Cytotoxicity of Rice Culture Extracts to Porcine Kidney Epithelial Cells

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Department of Feed and Food Hygiene, National Veterinary Institute of Norway, P.O. Box 8156 Dep., N-0033 Oslo, Norway; Department of Food Science, University of Naples “Frederico II”, Parco Guusone ed. H, 80055 Portici Napoli, Italy; and Agricultural University of Norway, Institute of Mathematical Sciences, P.O. Box 5053, N-1432 Aas, Norway
Cite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 2002, 50, 10, 3070–3075
Publication Date (Web):April 9, 2002
https://doi.org/10.1021/jf011532h
Copyright © 2002 American Chemical Society
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Abstract

The secondary metabolites of 24 isolates of Fusarium avenaceum from Norwegian cereals and grown on rice have been characterized. Moniliformin (MON), enniatins (ENNs), and beauvericin (BEA) were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Porcine kidney epithelial cells (PK15, American Type Culture Collection) were used to study the cytotoxicity of MON in the extracts. The following metabolites were produced by all isolates, ranked by concentration in rice cultures:  ENN-B, MON, ENN-B1, and ENN-A. BEA was produced by eight isolates. The productions of BEA and ENN-A were significantly correlated, as was the case with ENN-B and ENN-B1. MON production was correlated neither to any of the other toxins nor to toxicity.

Keywords: Moniliformin; enniatin; beauvericin; MTT assay

 This paper is dedicated to the memory of Prof. Wenche Langseth.

*

 Author to whom correspondence should be addressed (telephone 47 22 59 74 45; fax +47 22 59 74 53; e-mail [email protected]).

 National Veterinary Institute of Norway.

§

 University of Naples “Frederico II”.

#

 Agricultural University of Norway.

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