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Switch to: Europe, USA, New Zealand, Antarctica
Credit: NOAA/Ovation
Planetary K-index
Now: Kp=
2 quiet
24-hr max: Kp= 3 quiet
explanation | more
data
Interplanetary Mag. Field
Btotal: 4.01 nT
Bz: -1.06 nT south
more data: ACE, DSCOVR
Updated: Today at 1236 UT
Coronal Holes: 10 Oct 22
There are no large coronal holes on the Earthside of the sun. Credit: SDO/AIA
Noctilucent Clouds
The summer season for northern noctilucent clouds has ended.
Switch view: Europe, USA, Asia, Polar
Updated
Oct10
SPACE WEATHER
NOAA Forecasts |
|
Updated at: 2022 Oct 10 2200 UTC
FLARE |
0-24
hr |
24-48
hr |
CLASS M |
45
% |
45
% |
CLASS X |
05
% |
05
% |
Geomagnetic Storms:
Probabilities for significant
disturbances in Earth's magnetic field are given for three activity levels: active, minor
storm, severe
storm
Updated at: 2022 Oct 10 2200 UTC
Mid-latitudes
|
0-24
hr |
24-48
hr |
ACTIVE |
15
% |
30
% |
MINOR |
05
% |
10
% |
SEVERE |
01
% |
01
% |
High latitudes
|
0-24
hr |
24-48
hr |
ACTIVE |
15
% |
25
% |
MINOR |
20
% |
25
% |
SEVERE |
20
% |
20
% |
|
|
|
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Never miss another geomagnetic storm. Sign up for Space Weather Alerts and you'll receive a text message when magnetic storms erupt. Aurora tour guides and professional astronomers use this service. You can, too!
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GEOMAGNETIC STORM WATCH: NOAA forecasters say there is a chance of minor G1-class geomagnetic storms today, Oct. 10th, in response to sustained pressure from a high-speed stream of solar wind. High-latitude sky watchers should be alert for auroras. Aurora alerts: SMS Text.
SOLAR FLARES AND RADIO BLACKOUTS: Underachieving sunspot AR3112 finally exploded on Oct. 10th--twice--producing a pair of M-class solar flares. (Movies: #1, #2) Twin pulses of radiation ionized the top of Earth's atmosphere and caused radio blackouts over the South Pacific and South America:
Aviators, mariners and ham radio operators may have noticed fading and other unusual effects at frequencies below 15 to 20 MHz for as much as an hour after each flare.
Although both explosions lasted long enough to lift CMEs out of the sun's atmosphere, no CMEs have yet been observed. Fresh data from SOHO coronagraphs will tell us if a storm cloud is heading our way, especially from the M2.4-class explosion at 1628 UT. Stay tuned. Solar flare alerts: SMS Text.
Realtime Aurora Photo Gallery
Free: Spaceweather.com Newsletter
THE TAIL OF ASTEROID DIMORPHOS: Last month when NASA slammed the DART spacecraft into asteroid Dimorphos, something unexpected happened. A comet was born. Amateur astronomer Eliot Herman photographed the tail of Dimorphos on Oct. 9th:
"This is a 14x180 second exposure captured using the iTelescope T72 in Chile," says Herman. "Almost two weeks after impact, the dust trail is still visible--amazing!"
Images taken immediately after the collision showed a huge cloud of dust surrounding Dimorphos. Much of that cloud has since stretched into a tail behind the asteroid. This happened via the same process that gives comets their tails: Radiation from the sun pushes material into a stream behind the main body of the object. Little Dimorphos is only 170 meters across, but its tail stretches 10,000 kilometers into space.
Tomorrow, Oct. 11th, NASA will hold a media briefing to reveal what happened to Dimorphos. How much is left? Was its trajectory altered? The broadcast will be streamed live starting at 2pm EDT on NASA TV.
more images: from Andrea Aletti of Campo dei Fiori Mount, Italy; from Alan C Tough using a remote-controlled telescope in Rio Hurtado Valley, Chile;
Realtime Space Weather Photo Gallery
Free: Spaceweather.com Newsletter
STERLING SILVER HUMMINGBIRD PENDANT: This hummingbird has touched space. On Sept. 22, 2022, the students of Earth to Sky Calculus launched the sterling silver pendant to the stratosphere onboard a cosmic ray research balloon, more than 117,710 feet high:
You can have it for $149.95. The students are selling hummingbird pendants to pay the helium bill for their cosmic ray ballooning program. Each one comes with a greeting card showing the bird and red lily in flight, and telling the story of their trip to the stratosphere and back again.
Far Out Gifts: Earth to Sky Store
All sales support hands-on STEM education
Realtime Aurora Photo Gallery
Free: Spaceweather.com Newsletter
Every night, a network
of NASA
all-sky cameras scans the skies above the United
States for meteoritic fireballs. Automated software
maintained by NASA's Meteoroid Environment Office
calculates their orbits, velocity, penetration depth
in Earth's atmosphere and many other characteristics.
Daily results are presented here on Spaceweather.com.
On Oct 10, 2022, the network reported 9 fireballs.
(8 sporadics, 1 October delta Aurigid)
In this diagram of the inner solar system, all of the fireball orbits intersect at a single point--Earth. The orbits are color-coded by velocity, from slow (red) to fast (blue).
[Larger image] [movies]
Potentially Hazardous Asteroids ( PHAs)
are space rocks larger than approximately 100m that
can come closer to Earth than 0.05 AU. None of the
known PHAs is on a collision course with our planet,
although astronomers are finding new
ones all the time.
On October 11, 2022 there were 2299 potentially hazardous asteroids.
 |
Recent
& Upcoming Earth-asteroid encounters:
| Asteroid |
Date(UT) |
Miss Distance |
Velocity (km/s) |
Diameter (m) |
| 2018 VG |
2022-Oct-05 |
18.5 LD |
6.7 |
12 |
| 2022 SJ28 |
2022-Oct-05 |
14.9 LD |
9.2 |
19 |
| 2022 TU1 |
2022-Oct-05 |
1.2 LD |
14.1 |
10 |
| 2022 TD |
2022-Oct-06 |
1 LD |
10.1 |
10 |
| 2022 TB1 |
2022-Oct-06 |
11.5 LD |
7.5 |
34 |
| 2021 TJ10 |
2022-Oct-06 |
19.6 LD |
8.1 |
6 |
| 2022 TC1 |
2022-Oct-06 |
12.4 LD |
22.6 |
44 |
| 2022 TC2 |
2022-Oct-07 |
7.1 LD |
4 |
10 |
| 2013 TJ6 |
2022-Oct-07 |
11.7 LD |
14.4 |
32 |
| 2022 TV |
2022-Oct-08 |
6.3 LD |
18.6 |
17 |
| 2022 TR |
2022-Oct-08 |
4 LD |
11.6 |
11 |
| 2022 SU21 |
2022-Oct-08 |
3.2 LD |
19.9 |
44 |
| 2022 SB29 |
2022-Oct-09 |
4.5 LD |
7.6 |
15 |
| 2022 SV11 |
2022-Oct-09 |
17.1 LD |
14.4 |
35 |
| 2022 SE10 |
2022-Oct-10 |
5.5 LD |
10.9 |
29 |
| 2022 TS |
2022-Oct-10 |
2.3 LD |
16.6 |
13 |
| 2022 RA5 |
2022-Oct-12 |
13.1 LD |
5.1 |
38 |
| 2022 TE1 |
2022-Oct-13 |
2.1 LD |
11.1 |
13 |
| 2022 SG6 |
2022-Oct-13 |
15.7 LD |
10.9 |
90 |
| 2013 SL20 |
2022-Oct-14 |
6.3 LD |
12.2 |
45 |
| 2022 TK1 |
2022-Oct-14 |
10 LD |
13 |
17 |
| 2022 SY10 |
2022-Oct-15 |
6.4 LD |
3.2 |
15 |
| 2022 SK48 |
2022-Oct-15 |
17.7 LD |
10.2 |
56 |
| 2020 TO2 |
2022-Oct-15 |
1.4 LD |
12.6 |
18 |
| 2020 BD |
2022-Oct-16 |
12.1 LD |
11.4 |
20 |
| 2022 SK15 |
2022-Oct-16 |
9.5 LD |
15.8 |
57 |
| 2022 QM6 |
2022-Oct-16 |
19.6 LD |
4.2 |
69 |
| 2022 SF63 |
2022-Oct-19 |
5.5 LD |
3.9 |
10 |
| 2022 RB5 |
2022-Oct-22 |
13.1 LD |
5.3 |
115 |
| 2005 AZ28 |
2022-Oct-24 |
11.5 LD |
5.4 |
48 |
| 2022 TY |
2022-Oct-25 |
15 LD |
5.1 |
19 |
| 2016 TH94 |
2022-Oct-25 |
19.1 LD |
13.5 |
43 |
| 2019 AN5 |
2022-Oct-27 |
20 LD |
6.8 |
215 |
| 2004 UT1 |
2022-Oct-29 |
4 LD |
6.3 |
17 |
| 2021 VH |
2022-Nov-01 |
5.9 LD |
5.3 |
4 |
| 2022 RM4 |
2022-Nov-01 |
6 LD |
23.5 |
443 |
| 2020 WD |
2022-Nov-08 |
3 LD |
6 |
8 |
| 2019 XS |
2022-Nov-10 |
16.7 LD |
11.9 |
60 |
| 2019 VL5 |
2022-Nov-15 |
8.5 LD |
8.1 |
24 |
| 2018 WH |
2022-Nov-16 |
2.5 LD |
7.7 |
4 |
| 2019 OR1 |
2022-Nov-21 |
18.1 LD |
13.4 |
246 |
| 2005 LW3 |
2022-Nov-23 |
3 LD |
13.5 |
168 |
| 2010 VQ |
2022-Dec-02 |
11.9 LD |
3.9 |
10 |
| 2009 HV58 |
2022-Dec-02 |
12.3 LD |
28.8 |
427 |
| 2017 QL33 |
2022-Dec-03 |
16 LD |
6.9 |
195 |
Notes: LD means
"Lunar Distance." 1 LD = 384,401 km, the distance
between Earth and the Moon. 1 LD also equals 0.00256
AU.
| |
Cosmic Rays in the Atmosphere |
SPACE WEATHER BALLOON DATA: Almost once a week, Spaceweather.com and the students of Earth to Sky Calculus fly space weather balloons to the stratosphere over California. These balloons are equipped with sensors that detect secondary cosmic rays, a form of radiation from space that can penetrate all the way down to Earth's surface. Our monitoring program has been underway without interruption for 7 years, resulting in a unique dataset of in situ atmospheric measurements.
Latest results (July 2022): Atmospheric radiation is decreasing in 2022. Our latest measurements in July 2022 registered a 6-year low:
What's going on? Ironically, the radiation drop is caused by increasing solar activity. Solar Cycle 25 has roared to life faster than forecasters expected. The sun's strengthening and increasingly tangled magnetic field repels cosmic rays from deep space. In addition, solar coronal mass ejections (CMEs) sweep aside cosmic rays, causing sharp reductions called "Forbush Decreases." The two effects blend together to bring daily radiation levels down.
.Who cares? Cosmic rays are a surprisingly "down to Earth" form of space weather. They can alter the chemistry of the atmosphere, trigger lightning, and penetrate commercial airplanes. According to a study from the Harvard T.H. Chan school of public health, crews of aircraft have higher rates of cancer than the general population. The researchers listed cosmic rays, irregular sleep habits, and chemical contaminants as leading risk factors. A number of controversial studies (#1, #2, #3, #4) go even further, linking cosmic rays with cardiac arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death.
Technical notes: The radiation sensors onboard our helium balloons detect X-rays and gamma-rays in the energy range 10 keV to 20 MeV. These energies span the range of medical X-ray machines and airport security scanners.
Data points in the graph labeled "Stratospheric Radiation" correspond to the peak of the Regener-Pfotzer maximum, which lies about 67,000 feet above central California. When cosmic rays crash into Earth's atmosphere, they produce a spray of secondary particles that is most intense at the entrance to the stratosphere. Physicists Eric Regener and Georg Pfotzer discovered the maximum using balloons in the 1930s and it is what we are measuring today.
| |
The
official U.S. government space weather bureau |
| |
The
first place to look for information about sundogs,
pillars, rainbows and related phenomena. |
| |
Researchers
call it a "Hubble for the sun." SDO
is the most advanced solar observatory ever. |
| |
3D
views of the sun from NASA's Solar and Terrestrial
Relations Observatory |
| |
Realtime
and archival images of the Sun from SOHO. |
| |
information about sunspots based on the latest NOAA/USAF Active Region Summary |
| |
current counts of failed and deployed Starlink satellites from Jonathan's Space Page |
| |
Authoritative predictions of space junk and satellite re-entries |
| |
from
the NOAA Space Environment Center |
| |
fun to read, but should be taken with a grain of salt! Forecasts looking ahead more than a few days are often wrong. |
| |
from the NOAA Space Environment Center |
| |
the
underlying science of space weather |
 |
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