<menu>: The Menu element

Baseline Widely available

This feature is well established and works across many devices and browser versions. It’s been available across browsers since July 2015.

The <menu> HTML element is described in the HTML specification as a semantic alternative to <ul>, but treated by browsers (and exposed through the accessibility tree) as no different than <ul>. It represents an unordered list of items (which are represented by <li> elements).

Try it

<div class="news">
  <a href="#">NASA’s Webb Delivers Deepest Infrared Image of Universe Yet</a>
  <menu>
    <li><button id="save">Save for later</button></li>
    <li><button id="share">Share this news</button></li>
  </menu>
</div>

.news {
  background-color: bisque;
  padding: 1em;
  border: solid thin black;
}

menu {
  list-style-type: none;
  display: flex;
  padding: 0;
  margin-bottom: 0;
  gap: 1em;
}

Attributes

This element only includes the global attributes.

Usage notes

The <menu> and <ul> elements both represent an unordered list of items. The key difference is that <ul> primarily contains items for display, while <menu> represents a toolbar containing commands that the user can perform or activate.

Note: In early versions of the HTML specification, the <menu> element had an additional use case as a context menu. This functionality is considered obsolete and is not in the specification.

Examples

In this example, a <menu> is used to create a toolbar for an editing application.

HTML

html

<menu>
  <li><button onclick="copy()">Copy</button></li>
  <li><button onclick="cut()">Cut</button></li>
  <li><button onclick="paste()">Paste</button></li>
</menu>

Note that this is functionally no different from:

html

<ul>
  <li><button onclick="copy()">Copy</button></li>
  <li><button onclick="cut()">Cut</button></li>
  <li><button onclick="paste()">Paste</button></li>
</ul>

CSS

css

menu,
ul {
  display: flex;
  list-style: none;
  padding: 0;
  width: 400px;
}

li {
  flex-grow: 1;
}

button {
  width: 100%;
}

Result

Technical summary

Content categories	Flow content. If the element's children include at least one `<li>` element: Palpable content.
Permitted content	Zero or more occurrences of `<li>`, `<script>`, and `<template>`.
Tag omission	None, both the starting and ending tag are mandatory.
Permitted parents	Any element that accepts flow content.
Implicit ARIA role	`list`
Permitted ARIA roles	`directory`, `group`, `listbox`, `menu`, `menubar`, `none`, `presentation`, `radiogroup`, `tablist`, `toolbar` or `tree`
DOM interface	`HTMLMenuElement`

Specifications

Specification
HTML # the-menu-element